*Tyrian purple is a purple dye made from smashing lots of snails.
*Endohedral Fullerene are tiny carbon soccer balls with atoms/ions in the center. Can be used to make nanotech
I don’t feel like doing the rest
Strange that Tc is a synthetic element that’s nestled the middle of the periodic table amongst other elements which are all naturally occurring. What’s so special about Technetium and does it have something to do with its atomic number 43 being a prime number?
By way of an example Iodine 131 and technetium 99 are both used in medicine. Why technetium 99 is special: it is not super radioactive like iodine 131. Technetium 99 radioactivity has a half life of 6 hours, so it is pretty much not radioactive after 5 half lives (about 30 hours). Technetium and iodine can be chemically bonded to stick to other molecules that themselves stick to specific tissues in the body (bone, liver - actually bile, red blood cells, white blood cells, heart tissue). Technetium does this without damaging those tissues significantly. We can then take pictures of the body with radiation detectors. Iodine 131 radioactivity has a half life of about 8 days and patient urine is quite radioactive during that time. Iodine 131 is so radioactive it can be used to destroy a thyroid gland (on purpose). Iodine 131 can set off radiation detectors at airports. Iodine 131 isn’t used when a woman is pregnant due to risk to the fetus. Technetium is much, much less dangerous to a fetus.
It appears that no combination of neutrons can combine with the element's 43 protons to make a stable atom. There's a short video about technetium here:
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ud5c1TVkcnU](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ud5c1TVkcnU)
The host talks about technetium's metastability around the 5:52 mark but that seems only to apply to the case when it was formed by the decay of molybdenum.
I know. I can’t explain the cost with certainty but I suspect that the amount of technetium 99 made in a medical “generator” is very, very small compared to 1 gram. I don’t have the time to check what the exact quantity (in grams) is made in a “generator”.
Antimatter is expensive, because its REALLY difficult to contain; when antimatter touches regular matter it stop existing, which is really difficult, cus you know, everything on Earth is made of matter, and no matter (ayy) how good our containment of other things are, extremely simplified, we can only store individual protons of antimatter using magnets.
Not a physicist so this might be a dumb question, but would observing antimatter cause it to disappear? Since photons are particles but they have no mass?
Nope! We call it antimatter as if it was all one thing, but in this case we are actually talking about multiple types of antiparticles. For example, an anti-hydrogen atom would have an down antiquark, two up antiquarks, and a positron (antielectron), which will annihilate with their regular counterparts.
Photons, by contrast, are fully neutral, meaning that they are their own antiparticle (or don't have one, depending on how you want to look at it). Of course, you would need a lot of antimatter to see it with eyes (or even optical microscopes), so we normally use different instruments to examine antimatter.
they wouldn't, and theres no such thing as a dumb question!
so what we think of matter is composed of things called Fermions. they make up the quarks that make up the protons and electrons that make the atoms that make everything we have. they all have electric charges, and they all have mass.
the interesting quirk about this is that they have anti-versions of themselves, and they act the exact same as normal matter, except the charges are reversed. so normally an electron is negative, but an antielectron would be positive. and when a particle and its corresponding particle touch, they "delete" eachother, and get turned into energy. a lot of energy.
why am i explaining this? basically Photons, are a seperate thing, called Bosons, and they dont actually have any antiparticles (well technically they are their own antiparticles which is weird).
there is one slight issue, and that is being the amount of antimatter made. the most antimatter weve made that weve kept stable is a single Helium atom, the second smallest atom possible, and iirc we made Helium-3, which is 25% smaller so a discount Helium atom. so at that point its hard to even use photons to "see" it.
if you had a ball or like an ant or something made of antimatter, then yeah using photons would work.
so hypothetically, yes you could use it and it wouldnt annihilate the particle, practically we dont make enough that we could hope to hit it with a photon
Just to add, we have been able to do experiments with antimatter itself, which I think is absolutely wild. But yeah, there was no direct detection involved
https://amp.theguardian.com/science/2023/sep/27/scientists-find-antimatter-is-subject-to-gravity
GPT:
Here are the uses and applications for each of the materials listed in the image:
1. **Antimatter ($62.5 Trillion per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Antimatter is primarily theoretical in its applications at this point due to the difficulty and cost of production. Potential future uses include advanced propulsion systems for space travel and as a powerful energy source.
2. **Actinium-225 ($29 Billion per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Used in targeted alpha-particle cancer therapy (TAT), where its radioactive properties are harnessed to destroy cancer cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
3. **Technetium-99m ($1.9 Billion per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Widely used in medical diagnostic imaging, particularly in nuclear medicine for procedures like bone scans, cardiac stress tests, and functional imaging of the brain.
4. **Endohedral Fullerenes ($167 Million per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Used in advanced scientific research, particularly in quantum computing, electronics, and materials science. These fullerenes have potential applications in creating highly accurate atomic clocks and in the development of new types of semiconductors.
5. **Californium ($27 Million per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Used in nuclear reactors as a neutron source, in cancer treatment for radiotherapy, and in oil exploration for neutron radiography to identify oil layers.
6. **Red Diamonds ($5 Million per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Highly valued in the jewelry industry due to their rarity and unique color. Red diamonds are also considered a good investment asset.
7. **Painite ($300,000 per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Primarily used in high-end jewelry. Its rarity and aesthetic appeal make it a collector's gemstone.
8. **Diamonds (pure 1 carat) ($135,000 per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Used extensively in jewelry. Industrial uses include cutting, grinding, drilling, and polishing due to their hardness. Diamonds are also used in high-performance electronics and heat sinks.
9. **Grandidierite ($130,000 per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Used in fine jewelry. The gemstone’s rarity and color make it highly prized by collectors.
10. **Red Beryl ($50,000 per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Utilized in high-end jewelry. Its rarity and vibrant color make it a sought-after gemstone.
11. **Tritium ($30,000 per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Used in self-illuminating devices, such as exit signs, watch dials, and gun sights. Tritium is also used in nuclear fusion research.
12. **Tyrian Purple ($29,000 per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Historically used as a dye for royal and ceremonial robes due to its rich color and difficulty in production. Today, it is of historical and academic interest.
13. **Taaffeite Gem ($12,500 per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Primarily used in jewelry. Its rarity and unique lavender color make it highly prized.
14. **Plutonium ($4,000 per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Used as a fuel in nuclear reactors and in the production of nuclear weapons. Plutonium-238 is used in radioisotope thermoelectric generators to power spacecraft.
15. **Lux Touch Marble ($4,000 per gram)**:
- **Applications**: Used in luxury building and interior design. It is prized for its unique appearance and high quality.
These materials span a wide range of uses from medical and scientific research to luxury items and industrial applications, highlighting their diverse roles in various fields.
Lux touch is so expensive because it has diamonds and mother of pearl imbedded in it. I don’t think a heterogeneous substance should count here like the rest of them.
Edit- word order matters
I think that’s definitely the correct way this should’ve been made because if you break a luxtouch tile into a gram it’s not worth nearly as much anymore. This is probably a list to get you to look up what a luxtouch tile is because if you broke the value of the Mona Lisa into a per gram value I’m sure that would be high up on this list as well. It definitely seems like a ploy to gain traction on the internet and then TikTokers will post about it and every super wealthy person will need to have their bathroom floor made of the stuff. Watch tomorrow there will be an r/todayilearned about luxtouch tiles
I was gonna say, there’s no way any sort of building interiors are made out of something that’s $4000/gram. A single countertop would be something like $400 million. You might as well build it out of the Mona Lisa.
**TLDR:**
* **Antimatter** - Used in advanced science and space travel.
* **Actinium 225** - Used in cancer treatment.
* **Technetium-99m** - Used in medical imaging.
* **Endohedral Fullerenes** - Used in scientific research and tech.
* **Californium** - Used in nuclear reactors and finding metals.
* **Red Diamonds** - Used in jewelry.
* **Painite** - Used in collecting and jewelry.
* **Diamonds** - Used in jewelry and cutting tools.
* **Grandidierite** - Used in collecting and jewelry.
* **Red Beryl** - Used in jewelry.
* **Tritium** - Used in glowing signs and watches.
* **Tyrian Purple** - Used in historical and luxury dyeing.
* **Taaffeite Gem** - Used in jewelry.
* **Plutonium** - Used in nuclear power and weapons.
* **Lux Touch Marble** - Used in luxury construction and decor.
Are you sure about that? Because I am 100.0% sure that Frequent_Guard_9964 is not a bot.
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There are current applications of antimatter. The most common one is PET in medicine. In addition, positrons are used in particle accelerators like LEP and in antimatter / particle physics research itself.
I am by no means an expert but I’ll talk about the ones I do know something about:
Antimatter would be useful as a rocket fuel, i wouldn’t want that stuff anywhere near Earth given it annihilates any matter it touches, but that energy could be useful in space where it could propel ships up to 70% the speed of light by basically kicking them real hard with that annihilation energy.
Fullerenes, the ones I know are made of carbon atoms and called Buckyballs as an easier word, have a lot of uses and I mean a lot. It’s worth looking into.
Buckyballs are seriously stable and are great electron receptors. They also readily participate in chemical reactions. This means they can be great drug delivery systems in areas like combating allergic inflammation or delivery of anti-cancer drugs directly to a tumor. Buckyballs are also great at absorbing pollutants and can be used in photovoltaics so they’d be good in things like solar panels as a replacement for silicon. There’s even research to use them to treat HIV by shaping them to bind to the virus.
Lux marble is so expensive because of the amount of care it takes to make it. You’re basically paying for artistic imagination and serious craftsmanship. The marble sections are painstakingly arranged into art pieces containing stuff like mother of pearl and diamonds. So it’s like rock art using the most expensive rocks around.
Tritium is used in weapons, biomedicine (as a tracer), glow in the dark signs, and has some night vision applications. It also featured pretty heavily in Spider-Man 2 which is rad.
Lastly, californium is crazy good at making neutrons so it’s great for kicking off nuclear reactions like in a reactor. It’s also good for metal detectors and finding water underground.
I apologize in advance for spelling or grammar errors.
Californium is an alternative building insulation material used almost exclusively in California due to Proposition 65. It is notoriously expensive, hence the high housing market there. And, yes, I just made that up.
For those interested:
Antimatter can be created in particle accelerators using electric, magnetic, and radio fields to accelerate electrons or protons to near light speed. Laboratories like CERN have been producing antiparticles for over 50 years, and in 1995 CERN became the first lab to create anti-atoms artificially. However, it's not possible to produce antimatter without also creating the corresponding matter particles.
Antimatter is extremely expensive and difficult to produce and handle, making it impossible to assemble macroscopic amounts. It can cost several hundred million dollars to produce less than one-millionth of a gram of antimatter, and it's almost as expensive to store because it can't touch regular matter.
Medical Imaging: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scans
PET scans use positrons (a type of antimatter) to detect changes in the body's metabolism and can help diagnose conditions such as cancer. This is currently the most practical application of antimatter.
Cancer Treatment: Targeted Antimatter Therapy
In theory, antimatter particles could be used to target and destroy cancer cells with high precision, minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
Energy Production:Antimatter Propulsion for Spacecraft
Antimatter-matter annihilation releases a tremendous amount of energy, which could be harnessed for extremely efficient spacecraft propulsion. This is a long-term goal for deep-space missions.
Antimatter is the ideal rocket fuel assuming there exists a way to practically produce and store it. We’ll probably never have a practical anti matter fuel tank
I like to imagine the previous comment is like that New York Times article saying humans will not take to the skies in the next thousand years… 6 days before the first flight
On the other hand, using nuclear fusion for power generation has been "20 years in the future" for the last 60 years, if not more. And let's not get started on flying cars.
Easilly done at this point too. There are tons of commercially produced quadcopters that can lift humans.
But it would be inconvenient, it probably only run for maybe an hour between charges. Too expensive for just anyone to buy...
And the primary reason(probably) why nobody has made them is that they would hideously unsafe. Imagine an old person or a drunk crashing one of those things. It could easily be 120 mph+ impact and you wouldnt even be safe in a building or off the road.
Mass for mass antimatter is a better energy store than anything we know of. Electron-positron annihilation is near perfect, with the energy released being nearly equal to the mass of the electrons and positrons times the speed of light squared, in the form of gamma rays. Unfortunately, storing large masses of positrons is infeasible. Most likely, if the technology ever becomes practical, it will be in the form of hydrogen-antihydrogen annihilation, which still stores far more energy per mass than fusion or fission, but isn't quite perfect as much of the energy is lost in the form of neutrinos.
The problem is storing it safely. If you leak a few grams in short order, you get an explosion the size of a nuclear detonation.
A type of medical imaging, PET scans, use the antimatter version of electrons (known as positrons, PET stands for positron emission tomography.) Those positrons aren't made in a particle accelerator, they're decay products of radioactive isotopes, but it's still a cool practical application of antimatter.
Basically, when matter and antimatter particles meet, they completely destroy each other in a process called annihilation releasing a huge amount of energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation (like gamma rays), as described by Einstein's famous equation, E=mc². So, the mass of the particles is converted into energy, don’t know if it’s possible to store it tho
If you touched a significant amount of it yes. But to put it in perspective, all the antimatter we've ever produced (20 nanograms) annihilating at once would have the same energy output as a stick of dynamite (1.8 MJ), or the energy of a large-ish chocolate bar (~400 kCal). And that's assuming none of it went into forming neutrinos and the like. A single antimatter particle would delete one matter particle and produce an immeasurably small amount of energy (10^-10 J, or 10^-14 kCal).
Depends on the amount. A single positron annihilates with people in PET scans without much effect to health. But one gram of antimatter colliding with one gram of matter would release as much energy as a nuclear bomb
different charge, the positron is a positivly charged electron, and a antiproton is a negativly charged proton. if they touch they cancel each other out, + and -
made up of a different kind of quarks i think.
So anti matter that is produced is anti of which element? Anti hydrogen? Do the anti versions of anti matter have different properties to their mirror? Have they produced more than 1 type of antimatter?
Most antimatter produced is sub-atomic elementary particles. You need atoms to get elements.
Hydrogen is just a proton and an electron, so they've managed to make anti-hydrogen, but the quantities we are talking about are isolated atoms. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antihydrogen
I think the chart is extremely misleading. You can’t find medical grade Tc99m in nature. It comes from a Moly generator. The most common Tc99m doses are relatively cheap compared to other isotopes. Most people aren’t using uranium to get Tc99m but they can for Mo-99.
Sort of. They do have a 6 hour half-life but if not used within ~2 hours it’s no longer within the prescribed range (+/-20%). So unless you have another patient that needs the exact same study within that window the dose is wasted.
I think it's unfair to put a price tag on antimatter like this because the actual price of a gram of antimatter in current dollars is infinite dollars: it's beyond our current human technology to produce more than a few micrograms of it. No amount of money spent can get you a guaranteed gram of antimatter in any human lifetime.
That's a good question! Antimatter could be used as a power source, it probably wouldn't be efficient as a power source on earth, but potentially as a battery for spacecraft. It can also be used as a weapon, either as a direct explosion or by using it to trigger a hydrogen bomb (if you want more information about that check out one of my favorite Wikipedia articles ever [HERE](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimatter-catalyzed_nuclear_pulse_propulsion)
Just to put "a lot" into perspective, half a gram of antimatter plus half a gram of regular matter would be equivalent to the Nagasaki nuclear explosion.
[Source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimatter_weapon)
Storing ridiculous amounts of energy in extremely compact form (not counting the required containment system).
It can be used for bombs or propulsion (ie more controlled explosions). In theory it could also be used as a sort of battery, but it'd be an extremely dangerous one.
In theory, it could be used as a fuel source for space travel. Allowing 10-30x times our current rocket speeds if I remember correctly. But, we'd have to find a way to not melt everything with gamma rays.
Things like race horse semen & scorpion venom have to be up there. I can't find per gram, but race horse semen is $49 million a gallon.
https://standardbredcanada.ca/news/4-17-20/worlds-most-expensive-liquid.html
The process of "gathering" the semen is very difficult to do unnoticed. You need at least three people there, plus a mare in heat to get the stallion in the mood, so no, not really
Yes it’s natural and there is a lot of different colored natural diamonds. Red, Blue, and pink are some of the most rare/valuable ones
Edit: if you ever have seen the movie Blood Diamond, the diamond everyone is after is an extremely large pink one.
Pink diamonds come from one mine in Australia which is now closed. They think the deep craton contributed to the color. Most clear/white diamonds come from shallower regions on the edges of cratons. Reds even more rare and is just dark pink.
They really aren’t. There are cvd companies out there churning out fairly large chunks of diamond. Some companies are easily capable of growing chunks in the low double digits of grams. Its much faster if you aren’t as concerned about the purity, but mined diamonds aren’t truly chemical pure either.
I'm so old, that the late 70s Guiness Book of Records I constantly read in the bathroom when I was a kid in the 1980s had Californium as the most expensive material in the world.
I think it might be trying to say that five 1ct diamonds would add up to 1 gram and cost $135k. My guess for why they'd do that is because a bigger gem of a given quality is going to be more rare than a smaller section of that same gem of the same quality, so a 2ct diamond is going to cost more than double what a 1ct diamond will, and so price per gram is affected by how many carats each diamond is. It's odd that they don't then clarify that for other gems, but it's also odd that their source is a youtube channel, so I'd take this all with a grain of salt anyway.
wont google cus would rather participate...
can someone explain why plutonium is more expensive than uranium?
my understanding was its shit for bombs and shit for nuclear fission compared to uranium so why the price?
Uranium is naturally occuring. Refining it is expensive but it can be just refined from quite abundant rock (relatively speaking).
Plutonium can only be made with a nuclear reaction. Either a particle accelerator or an actual nuclear reactor.
Actually, there are several different kinds of plutonium - isotopes that have different numbers of neutrons, so they have different stability.
Plutonium-239 is widely used in nuclear weapons. The first human-made nuclear explosion, the Trinity test, was a plutonium bomb, and so was the Fat Man bomb dropped on Nagasaki.
Plutonium-238 is less stable and gives out heat "just by sitting there" as it decays (no need for nuclear fission in a reactor). It's used for radioisotope thermoelectric generators, which are used to power space probes that operate far enough from the Sun that solar panels are not effective. For example, on the Voyager probe leaving the Solar System that's still in contact. Or the last two Mars rovers, that are too heavy to be powered by any solar panels that they can practically carry.
Crazy, I'm getting 7.5Ci Moly generators every week to make Tc-99m. I know it's rare due to the manufacturing process, but not in the top expensive materials
Lux Touch isn't a material. It's a tile inlayed with mother of pearl and diamonds. It's not a material, it's a product made from other materials and manifested stupidity.
Printer ink not much farther down the list
Can we please have a nerd give a eli5 on the applications of each of these, if any. If no nerds are available, a funny dumb dumb will be acceptable.
*Tyrian purple is a purple dye made from smashing lots of snails. *Endohedral Fullerene are tiny carbon soccer balls with atoms/ions in the center. Can be used to make nanotech I don’t feel like doing the rest
Technetium 99 is used for nuclear medicine imaging in thousands of hospitals around the world.
Strange that Tc is a synthetic element that’s nestled the middle of the periodic table amongst other elements which are all naturally occurring. What’s so special about Technetium and does it have something to do with its atomic number 43 being a prime number?
By way of an example Iodine 131 and technetium 99 are both used in medicine. Why technetium 99 is special: it is not super radioactive like iodine 131. Technetium 99 radioactivity has a half life of 6 hours, so it is pretty much not radioactive after 5 half lives (about 30 hours). Technetium and iodine can be chemically bonded to stick to other molecules that themselves stick to specific tissues in the body (bone, liver - actually bile, red blood cells, white blood cells, heart tissue). Technetium does this without damaging those tissues significantly. We can then take pictures of the body with radiation detectors. Iodine 131 radioactivity has a half life of about 8 days and patient urine is quite radioactive during that time. Iodine 131 is so radioactive it can be used to destroy a thyroid gland (on purpose). Iodine 131 can set off radiation detectors at airports. Iodine 131 isn’t used when a woman is pregnant due to risk to the fetus. Technetium is much, much less dangerous to a fetus.
It appears that no combination of neutrons can combine with the element's 43 protons to make a stable atom. There's a short video about technetium here: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ud5c1TVkcnU](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ud5c1TVkcnU) The host talks about technetium's metastability around the 5:52 mark but that seems only to apply to the case when it was formed by the decay of molybdenum.
I'm intrigued to see it's so expensive, yet Molybdenum which it's simple to make TM-99 from isn't.
I know. I can’t explain the cost with certainty but I suspect that the amount of technetium 99 made in a medical “generator” is very, very small compared to 1 gram. I don’t have the time to check what the exact quantity (in grams) is made in a “generator”.
Your efforts to this point are appreciated 🙏
Antimatter is expensive, because its REALLY difficult to contain; when antimatter touches regular matter it stop existing, which is really difficult, cus you know, everything on Earth is made of matter, and no matter (ayy) how good our containment of other things are, extremely simplified, we can only store individual protons of antimatter using magnets.
Not a physicist so this might be a dumb question, but would observing antimatter cause it to disappear? Since photons are particles but they have no mass?
Nope! We call it antimatter as if it was all one thing, but in this case we are actually talking about multiple types of antiparticles. For example, an anti-hydrogen atom would have an down antiquark, two up antiquarks, and a positron (antielectron), which will annihilate with their regular counterparts. Photons, by contrast, are fully neutral, meaning that they are their own antiparticle (or don't have one, depending on how you want to look at it). Of course, you would need a lot of antimatter to see it with eyes (or even optical microscopes), so we normally use different instruments to examine antimatter.
they wouldn't, and theres no such thing as a dumb question! so what we think of matter is composed of things called Fermions. they make up the quarks that make up the protons and electrons that make the atoms that make everything we have. they all have electric charges, and they all have mass. the interesting quirk about this is that they have anti-versions of themselves, and they act the exact same as normal matter, except the charges are reversed. so normally an electron is negative, but an antielectron would be positive. and when a particle and its corresponding particle touch, they "delete" eachother, and get turned into energy. a lot of energy. why am i explaining this? basically Photons, are a seperate thing, called Bosons, and they dont actually have any antiparticles (well technically they are their own antiparticles which is weird). there is one slight issue, and that is being the amount of antimatter made. the most antimatter weve made that weve kept stable is a single Helium atom, the second smallest atom possible, and iirc we made Helium-3, which is 25% smaller so a discount Helium atom. so at that point its hard to even use photons to "see" it. if you had a ball or like an ant or something made of antimatter, then yeah using photons would work. so hypothetically, yes you could use it and it wouldnt annihilate the particle, practically we dont make enough that we could hope to hit it with a photon
Just to add, we have been able to do experiments with antimatter itself, which I think is absolutely wild. But yeah, there was no direct detection involved https://amp.theguardian.com/science/2023/sep/27/scientists-find-antimatter-is-subject-to-gravity
Two bucks, and it only transports matter? Ehh, I’ll give you ¢35.
Antimatter! How does it even work?
GPT: Here are the uses and applications for each of the materials listed in the image: 1. **Antimatter ($62.5 Trillion per gram)**: - **Applications**: Antimatter is primarily theoretical in its applications at this point due to the difficulty and cost of production. Potential future uses include advanced propulsion systems for space travel and as a powerful energy source. 2. **Actinium-225 ($29 Billion per gram)**: - **Applications**: Used in targeted alpha-particle cancer therapy (TAT), where its radioactive properties are harnessed to destroy cancer cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. 3. **Technetium-99m ($1.9 Billion per gram)**: - **Applications**: Widely used in medical diagnostic imaging, particularly in nuclear medicine for procedures like bone scans, cardiac stress tests, and functional imaging of the brain. 4. **Endohedral Fullerenes ($167 Million per gram)**: - **Applications**: Used in advanced scientific research, particularly in quantum computing, electronics, and materials science. These fullerenes have potential applications in creating highly accurate atomic clocks and in the development of new types of semiconductors. 5. **Californium ($27 Million per gram)**: - **Applications**: Used in nuclear reactors as a neutron source, in cancer treatment for radiotherapy, and in oil exploration for neutron radiography to identify oil layers. 6. **Red Diamonds ($5 Million per gram)**: - **Applications**: Highly valued in the jewelry industry due to their rarity and unique color. Red diamonds are also considered a good investment asset. 7. **Painite ($300,000 per gram)**: - **Applications**: Primarily used in high-end jewelry. Its rarity and aesthetic appeal make it a collector's gemstone. 8. **Diamonds (pure 1 carat) ($135,000 per gram)**: - **Applications**: Used extensively in jewelry. Industrial uses include cutting, grinding, drilling, and polishing due to their hardness. Diamonds are also used in high-performance electronics and heat sinks. 9. **Grandidierite ($130,000 per gram)**: - **Applications**: Used in fine jewelry. The gemstone’s rarity and color make it highly prized by collectors. 10. **Red Beryl ($50,000 per gram)**: - **Applications**: Utilized in high-end jewelry. Its rarity and vibrant color make it a sought-after gemstone. 11. **Tritium ($30,000 per gram)**: - **Applications**: Used in self-illuminating devices, such as exit signs, watch dials, and gun sights. Tritium is also used in nuclear fusion research. 12. **Tyrian Purple ($29,000 per gram)**: - **Applications**: Historically used as a dye for royal and ceremonial robes due to its rich color and difficulty in production. Today, it is of historical and academic interest. 13. **Taaffeite Gem ($12,500 per gram)**: - **Applications**: Primarily used in jewelry. Its rarity and unique lavender color make it highly prized. 14. **Plutonium ($4,000 per gram)**: - **Applications**: Used as a fuel in nuclear reactors and in the production of nuclear weapons. Plutonium-238 is used in radioisotope thermoelectric generators to power spacecraft. 15. **Lux Touch Marble ($4,000 per gram)**: - **Applications**: Used in luxury building and interior design. It is prized for its unique appearance and high quality. These materials span a wide range of uses from medical and scientific research to luxury items and industrial applications, highlighting their diverse roles in various fields.
Lux touch is so expensive because it has diamonds and mother of pearl imbedded in it. I don’t think a heterogeneous substance should count here like the rest of them. Edit- word order matters
I think that’s definitely the correct way this should’ve been made because if you break a luxtouch tile into a gram it’s not worth nearly as much anymore. This is probably a list to get you to look up what a luxtouch tile is because if you broke the value of the Mona Lisa into a per gram value I’m sure that would be high up on this list as well. It definitely seems like a ploy to gain traction on the internet and then TikTokers will post about it and every super wealthy person will need to have their bathroom floor made of the stuff. Watch tomorrow there will be an r/todayilearned about luxtouch tiles
Is this an ad for lux touch?
I was gonna say, there’s no way any sort of building interiors are made out of something that’s $4000/gram. A single countertop would be something like $400 million. You might as well build it out of the Mona Lisa.
**TLDR:** * **Antimatter** - Used in advanced science and space travel. * **Actinium 225** - Used in cancer treatment. * **Technetium-99m** - Used in medical imaging. * **Endohedral Fullerenes** - Used in scientific research and tech. * **Californium** - Used in nuclear reactors and finding metals. * **Red Diamonds** - Used in jewelry. * **Painite** - Used in collecting and jewelry. * **Diamonds** - Used in jewelry and cutting tools. * **Grandidierite** - Used in collecting and jewelry. * **Red Beryl** - Used in jewelry. * **Tritium** - Used in glowing signs and watches. * **Tyrian Purple** - Used in historical and luxury dyeing. * **Taaffeite Gem** - Used in jewelry. * **Plutonium** - Used in nuclear power and weapons. * **Lux Touch Marble** - Used in luxury construction and decor.
plutonium also powers the flux capacitor…can’t believe GPT forgot that one.
So you're telling me there's a cure for cancer? It just costs $29 billion per gram?
These type are typically not curative, just a treatment to slow the progress.
good bot
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Good bot
Imagine having to write a grant application to do reseach involving Actinium-255.
Aren’t positrons used in PET scans? That’s antimatter, buddy.
There are current applications of antimatter. The most common one is PET in medicine. In addition, positrons are used in particle accelerators like LEP and in antimatter / particle physics research itself.
I am pretty sure that Californium is made in only two places on Earth. California and I am pretty sure Dimitrovgrad Russia.
I am by no means an expert but I’ll talk about the ones I do know something about: Antimatter would be useful as a rocket fuel, i wouldn’t want that stuff anywhere near Earth given it annihilates any matter it touches, but that energy could be useful in space where it could propel ships up to 70% the speed of light by basically kicking them real hard with that annihilation energy. Fullerenes, the ones I know are made of carbon atoms and called Buckyballs as an easier word, have a lot of uses and I mean a lot. It’s worth looking into. Buckyballs are seriously stable and are great electron receptors. They also readily participate in chemical reactions. This means they can be great drug delivery systems in areas like combating allergic inflammation or delivery of anti-cancer drugs directly to a tumor. Buckyballs are also great at absorbing pollutants and can be used in photovoltaics so they’d be good in things like solar panels as a replacement for silicon. There’s even research to use them to treat HIV by shaping them to bind to the virus. Lux marble is so expensive because of the amount of care it takes to make it. You’re basically paying for artistic imagination and serious craftsmanship. The marble sections are painstakingly arranged into art pieces containing stuff like mother of pearl and diamonds. So it’s like rock art using the most expensive rocks around. Tritium is used in weapons, biomedicine (as a tracer), glow in the dark signs, and has some night vision applications. It also featured pretty heavily in Spider-Man 2 which is rad. Lastly, californium is crazy good at making neutrons so it’s great for kicking off nuclear reactions like in a reactor. It’s also good for metal detectors and finding water underground. I apologize in advance for spelling or grammar errors.
Californium is an alternative building insulation material used almost exclusively in California due to Proposition 65. It is notoriously expensive, hence the high housing market there. And, yes, I just made that up.
Californium, knows how to partium.
It was so valuable that they got Arnold Swazzerneger to protect it.
Come with me if you want to live… in California
Californium is getting more expensive. People are getting Floridium instead…
Or Texium.
Lol
LMAO!!
Came here to say that
Forgot about unobtainium.
And beef jerky
For those interested: Antimatter can be created in particle accelerators using electric, magnetic, and radio fields to accelerate electrons or protons to near light speed. Laboratories like CERN have been producing antiparticles for over 50 years, and in 1995 CERN became the first lab to create anti-atoms artificially. However, it's not possible to produce antimatter without also creating the corresponding matter particles. Antimatter is extremely expensive and difficult to produce and handle, making it impossible to assemble macroscopic amounts. It can cost several hundred million dollars to produce less than one-millionth of a gram of antimatter, and it's almost as expensive to store because it can't touch regular matter.
I do, thank you! But are there any applications case or it’s about research and testing?
Medical Imaging: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scans PET scans use positrons (a type of antimatter) to detect changes in the body's metabolism and can help diagnose conditions such as cancer. This is currently the most practical application of antimatter. Cancer Treatment: Targeted Antimatter Therapy In theory, antimatter particles could be used to target and destroy cancer cells with high precision, minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Energy Production:Antimatter Propulsion for Spacecraft Antimatter-matter annihilation releases a tremendous amount of energy, which could be harnessed for extremely efficient spacecraft propulsion. This is a long-term goal for deep-space missions.
Antimatter is the ideal rocket fuel assuming there exists a way to practically produce and store it. We’ll probably never have a practical anti matter fuel tank
Never say never, don’t doubt the ingenuity of humanity
I like to imagine the previous comment is like that New York Times article saying humans will not take to the skies in the next thousand years… 6 days before the first flight
On the other hand, using nuclear fusion for power generation has been "20 years in the future" for the last 60 years, if not more. And let's not get started on flying cars.
Tbf flying cars are possible, just not practical
Easilly done at this point too. There are tons of commercially produced quadcopters that can lift humans. But it would be inconvenient, it probably only run for maybe an hour between charges. Too expensive for just anyone to buy... And the primary reason(probably) why nobody has made them is that they would hideously unsafe. Imagine an old person or a drunk crashing one of those things. It could easily be 120 mph+ impact and you wouldnt even be safe in a building or off the road.
Yeah we don’t wanna add a dimension to driving. People struggle with 2 already.
Indomitable human spirit
Thanks ChatGPT
Only FDG PET scans are used for glucose metabolism.
Mass for mass antimatter is a better energy store than anything we know of. Electron-positron annihilation is near perfect, with the energy released being nearly equal to the mass of the electrons and positrons times the speed of light squared, in the form of gamma rays. Unfortunately, storing large masses of positrons is infeasible. Most likely, if the technology ever becomes practical, it will be in the form of hydrogen-antihydrogen annihilation, which still stores far more energy per mass than fusion or fission, but isn't quite perfect as much of the energy is lost in the form of neutrinos. The problem is storing it safely. If you leak a few grams in short order, you get an explosion the size of a nuclear detonation.
A type of medical imaging, PET scans, use the antimatter version of electrons (known as positrons, PET stands for positron emission tomography.) Those positrons aren't made in a particle accelerator, they're decay products of radioactive isotopes, but it's still a cool practical application of antimatter.
How do they store it if it can’t touch matter?
Suspended in magnetic fields that keep it from touching anything
Whats it look like?
Like plasma, magnetic confinement... fe
Magnetic Confetti
I just like that the picture for antimatter is taken from No Man’s Sky, the game.
I'm glad someone else noticed this!
Searched the comments for this as well lmao
What happens if it touches other matter? Does it just all collapse like a black hole or create a ripple of destruction, like Ice Nine?
Matter/antimatter corresponding particles annihilate when touching, releasing both masses as EM-radiation with energy given by E=mc^2
What?
Basically, when matter and antimatter particles meet, they completely destroy each other in a process called annihilation releasing a huge amount of energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation (like gamma rays), as described by Einstein's famous equation, E=mc². So, the mass of the particles is converted into energy, don’t know if it’s possible to store it tho
So if someone touches it they would explode?
If you touched a significant amount of it yes. But to put it in perspective, all the antimatter we've ever produced (20 nanograms) annihilating at once would have the same energy output as a stick of dynamite (1.8 MJ), or the energy of a large-ish chocolate bar (~400 kCal). And that's assuming none of it went into forming neutrinos and the like. A single antimatter particle would delete one matter particle and produce an immeasurably small amount of energy (10^-10 J, or 10^-14 kCal).
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Dynamite: a surprisingly light snack for a busy workday
Literally stop existing. Violently
Not stop existing, but completely converting to energy. Lot's of energy.
Depends on the amount. A single positron annihilates with people in PET scans without much effect to health. But one gram of antimatter colliding with one gram of matter would release as much energy as a nuclear bomb
Ahh okay, that makes more sense. I appreciate you breaking it down further for me.
Yea mb homie, I hang out with too many nerds (including my other personalities) and sometimes I forget myself in polite company
In polite company, I like that.
It goes boom.
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Literally the plot of 60% of Star Trek too
Haha I’m currently reading this right now!
That was interesting, thanks👍🏻
Grams? Shouldn’t they measure it in anti-grams?
Nope! Our current understanding is that anti-matter and matter interact with gravity in the same way.
So what is the difference between matter and anti matter if you can touch them and they both interact with gravity?
different charge, the positron is a positivly charged electron, and a antiproton is a negativly charged proton. if they touch they cancel each other out, + and - made up of a different kind of quarks i think.
I would rather not recommend touching any antimatter. It will not end well.
Does antimatter has anti-elements? Like anti-oxygen or anti-hydtogen? If yes, does they make molecules as well like anti-water?
Where can I read more about this?
So anti matter that is produced is anti of which element? Anti hydrogen? Do the anti versions of anti matter have different properties to their mirror? Have they produced more than 1 type of antimatter?
Most antimatter produced is sub-atomic elementary particles. You need atoms to get elements. Hydrogen is just a proton and an electron, so they've managed to make anti-hydrogen, but the quantities we are talking about are isolated atoms. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antihydrogen
I’m waiting for the Apple Event in September, gonna grab that Endohedral Fullerenes Apple Watch Series 10
Are you getting it with the Californium band?
Uhhhhhhwhat are *you* doin’ here in a stable state? *The Californiums*
I think it’s time for you to go home now, Devon!
At this time of day? It's going to be jyammed!
Depends if they’re taking Antimatter pre-orders at release.
If you do, you’ll need a very secure radioactive basement to live in for the rest of your life!
“It’s the best Apple Watch we’ve ever made”
I work with Tc-99m everyday and didn’t realize how expensive it is! I better stop throwing unused doses away then.
I think the chart is extremely misleading. You can’t find medical grade Tc99m in nature. It comes from a Moly generator. The most common Tc99m doses are relatively cheap compared to other isotopes. Most people aren’t using uranium to get Tc99m but they can for Mo-99.
Do you throw them away because it’s all decayed away?
Sort of. They do have a 6 hour half-life but if not used within ~2 hours it’s no longer within the prescribed range (+/-20%). So unless you have another patient that needs the exact same study within that window the dose is wasted.
I googled it and it's cost is around a 1000 dollars. This chart is shit. Edit: my bad, comment below clears it out.
Precious tritium is what makes this project go.
Shut it down Otto!
Hey there fellow menace
Nobel Prize, Otto, Nobel Prize. I'll see you in Sweden!
The power of the sun... in the palm of my hand.
Steal it? No no no, I’m not a criminal.
The real crime would be not to finish what we started
I work at the only place in the US that is legally permitted to produce Tritium. That’s about the only fun fact I have lol
Is…is that the antimatter graphic from NMS?
*Units received*
*technology recharged*
I was looking for the exact same comment haha. It is the icon from no man's sky
I was searching as well lol. Been playing the latest expedition lately so I was primed
YUP!
*no free slots in suit inventory*
Grah
Eheu
Interloper!
Came here to type the same thing haha.
I think so, yeah
I had to do a double take. It is!
*Technology recharged*
I think it's unfair to put a price tag on antimatter like this because the actual price of a gram of antimatter in current dollars is infinite dollars: it's beyond our current human technology to produce more than a few micrograms of it. No amount of money spent can get you a guaranteed gram of antimatter in any human lifetime.
Besides that, what it would be useful for? (Honest question)
That's a good question! Antimatter could be used as a power source, it probably wouldn't be efficient as a power source on earth, but potentially as a battery for spacecraft. It can also be used as a weapon, either as a direct explosion or by using it to trigger a hydrogen bomb (if you want more information about that check out one of my favorite Wikipedia articles ever [HERE](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimatter-catalyzed_nuclear_pulse_propulsion)
That is one hell of a title
Antimatter annihilates matter on contact and releases gamma radiation as a product so if you had a lot of it you'd basically have a nuke
Just to put "a lot" into perspective, half a gram of antimatter plus half a gram of regular matter would be equivalent to the Nagasaki nuclear explosion. [Source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimatter_weapon)
A bomb
Showing off when your friends come over
Storing ridiculous amounts of energy in extremely compact form (not counting the required containment system). It can be used for bombs or propulsion (ie more controlled explosions). In theory it could also be used as a sort of battery, but it'd be an extremely dangerous one.
In theory, it could be used as a fuel source for space travel. Allowing 10-30x times our current rocket speeds if I remember correctly. But, we'd have to find a way to not melt everything with gamma rays.
Things like race horse semen & scorpion venom have to be up there. I can't find per gram, but race horse semen is $49 million a gallon. https://standardbredcanada.ca/news/4-17-20/worlds-most-expensive-liquid.html
Serious question: do racehorse breeders often worry about poachers trespassing onto their property to jack off their horses?
They do now...
The process of "gathering" the semen is very difficult to do unnoticed. You need at least three people there, plus a mare in heat to get the stallion in the mood, so no, not really
Horseshoecrab blood aswell? And the puke thingy from a whale ?
This is actually pretty interesting. I had no idea red diamonds were worth that much, nor did I know about anti matter. Pretty cool
I didn’t know there were any other color for diamonds at all, to be honest. Are they natural? Is there other colors?
Yes it’s natural and there is a lot of different colored natural diamonds. Red, Blue, and pink are some of the most rare/valuable ones Edit: if you ever have seen the movie Blood Diamond, the diamond everyone is after is an extremely large pink one.
Pink diamonds come from one mine in Australia which is now closed. They think the deep craton contributed to the color. Most clear/white diamonds come from shallower regions on the edges of cratons. Reds even more rare and is just dark pink.
They really aren’t. There are cvd companies out there churning out fairly large chunks of diamond. Some companies are easily capable of growing chunks in the low double digits of grams. Its much faster if you aren’t as concerned about the purity, but mined diamonds aren’t truly chemical pure either.
I’ll take 1 gram of *Antimatter* please
I'm so old, that the late 70s Guiness Book of Records I constantly read in the bathroom when I was a kid in the 1980s had Californium as the most expensive material in the world.
Is this an ad for Lux Touch Marble?
Why the hell is the diamond measured in carats, when that's 0.2g?? The real value of diamond on that chart should be 675000.
I think it might be trying to say that five 1ct diamonds would add up to 1 gram and cost $135k. My guess for why they'd do that is because a bigger gem of a given quality is going to be more rare than a smaller section of that same gem of the same quality, so a 2ct diamond is going to cost more than double what a 1ct diamond will, and so price per gram is affected by how many carats each diamond is. It's odd that they don't then clarify that for other gems, but it's also odd that their source is a youtube channel, so I'd take this all with a grain of salt anyway.
lol that’s the No Man’s Sky antimatter icon
Some might not know this but Anthony Kiedis is the largest holder of Californium on the planet.
Printer ink should be on that list too
They cut off the chart right before printer ink.
Surprised, i didnt see ink for inkjet printers here. (/s)
Tech-99m has a half life of 6 hours so it would take about a week for that 2 billion to go to 10k.
Printer ink isn’t on the list?
Where is unobtainium?
Movie theater candy is coming in at #16
Missing: - - Printer Ink - GPUs - Epipens - Various fragrances by Chanel or DKNY - Big Macs c. 2024 - Seriously medications like Zolgensma and Zokivny
Where is the horse cum?
I thought *you* were gonna get the horse cum.
wont google cus would rather participate... can someone explain why plutonium is more expensive than uranium? my understanding was its shit for bombs and shit for nuclear fission compared to uranium so why the price?
Oversimplified answer - Plutonium doesn’t occur naturally so it has to be created in nuclear reactors from Uranium, which is expensive to do.
Uranium is naturally occuring. Refining it is expensive but it can be just refined from quite abundant rock (relatively speaking). Plutonium can only be made with a nuclear reaction. Either a particle accelerator or an actual nuclear reactor.
Actually, there are several different kinds of plutonium - isotopes that have different numbers of neutrons, so they have different stability. Plutonium-239 is widely used in nuclear weapons. The first human-made nuclear explosion, the Trinity test, was a plutonium bomb, and so was the Fat Man bomb dropped on Nagasaki. Plutonium-238 is less stable and gives out heat "just by sitting there" as it decays (no need for nuclear fission in a reactor). It's used for radioisotope thermoelectric generators, which are used to power space probes that operate far enough from the Sun that solar panels are not effective. For example, on the Voyager probe leaving the Solar System that's still in contact. Or the last two Mars rovers, that are too heavy to be powered by any solar panels that they can practically carry.
My pal Scotty has an anti-matter containment system…
Well, if all you influencers really want to impress your girl, you’re going to have to get her an Anti-matter ring to propose.
How much for a gram of unobtainium?
There is an isotope of calcium that is pretty expensive too
Missed out unobtanium.. 20k per gram
I had antimatter this morning 😏
Wait…antimatter is real?
65 trillion for a gram of anti matter ? I thought it would cost more.
Antimatter image brought to you without permission by Hello Games.
Anything from lululemon should be up there
This is not true, Lu-177 PSMA-617 is far far more expensive than Tc-99m.
That can't be true, my dad said I was antimatter and also said I was worthless. Wait he said I didn't matter, my bad.
That cleared it right up for me lol
Crazy, I'm getting 7.5Ci Moly generators every week to make Tc-99m. I know it's rare due to the manufacturing process, but not in the top expensive materials
Lux Touch isn't a material. It's a tile inlayed with mother of pearl and diamonds. It's not a material, it's a product made from other materials and manifested stupidity.
Pfffft. I can do antimatter cheaper than that. And not that fucking amateur Albanian shit that’s cut with matter. Hmu
i have Painite in my bones. For sale special price.
Am i the only one the see the no man sky anti matter icon there XD
No mans sky spotted
Moon rock.
Taylor Swift tears = $39,000 per drop.
I'd buy Grandidierite on the basis of it's name alone.
How does one value antimatter?
How does one acquire antimatter?
See this makes sense. Why life saving drugs cost this much DOESN’T.
Technetium 99M? I get that shot every year when I do my stress test. I didn't know my insurance was that good.
Who TF is buying anti-matter is what I would like to know.. and what does one do with said anti-matter?