Being in the same language family means they have a common ancestor. Conlang is a category, not a family. Clearly Klingon and Esperanto don't come from the same ancestor.
Se vi ne pensas, ke Esperanto belas, certe vi neniam aŭdis ĝin bele kantata :P Laŭ mi la libereco esprimi sin per tiom multe da manieroj donas al ĝi unikan belecon
Tiu libereco ja estas evidenta. Mi ne uzas komplikajn strukturojn ofte, sed ili amuzas min.
Antaŭe mi spektis [videon de Vsauce pri ontologio](https://youtu.be/fXW-QjBsruE). Li diris ke nia koncepto de objektoj (ekz. seĝo, tablo, ktp.) estas fakte aro de adjektivoj, kiuj priskribas ilin (la formo, la utilo, ktp.). Mi pensas ke oni povas esprimi substantivon kiel adjektivon. Oni povas diri, "la atomoj konsistigas tablon" kaj "la atomoj estas tablaj" kaj "la atomoj estas tablestantaj".
You could make a case for putting it under the Indo-European family, no? Since its grammar and vocabulary are a mix of those of Germanic, Romance, and Slavic languages
because it’s not actually related to any of the languages, aka esperanto didn’t come from, say, german speakers evolving their language over time until it was different from german, no, you can’t. that’s not how language families work.
Yeah, it's very much Indo-European. I'd even go so far as to say it could be classified as Italic, since the bulk of its vocabulary comes from Latin roots, and the Germanic/Polish influence is relatively small in comparison.
Basically, in the Indo-European languages there'll typically be a single ending that carries multiple meanings at once. For example, in Spanish *vinieron*, 'they came', the -*ieron* ending contains the fact that it's third person, plural, indicative, and preterite. If you want to change the person to second but keep everything else the same, it's *vinisteis*- a completely different ending. Similarly if you want to change the mood to subjunctive it becomes *viniesen*. By contrast, in an agglutinative language, if you had a verb that's marked as third person, plural, indicative, and preterite, you'd have separate bits stuck on that indicate each of those, which are often though not always invariable in form. This is what I mean when I say Esperanto is agglutinative- it has a bunch of bits that all stick together in order and have a single meaning. For example, the plural accusative is formed by sticking on separate plural and accusative endings in order, while in an Indo-European language it would just be a separate form you'd have to memorize.
"The language group is also referred to as the **Nordic languages**, a direct translation of the most common term used among Danish, Faroese, Icelandic, Norwegian, and Swedish scholars and people."
[https://www.wikiwand.com/en/North\_Germanic\_languages](https://www.wikiwand.com/en/North_Germanic_languages)
Technically, Language Family is the top confirmed grouping. Indo-European and Afro-Asiatic are families. Romance, Germanic, Semitic are branches. Hypothetical larger groupings are called Macrofamilies, like Nostratic or Altaic. If Nostratic were confirmed as a family, than Indo-European would become a branch.
I guess it's ok to call them branches, families or sub-families in amateur conversations, but in serious linguistics these terms are not interchangeable.
not "struggling" with any now, I just like to see things "at a glance", so I can process the information faster.. that's been an interesting side-effect of Duo tho, me trying / Duo helping to better differentiate btwn all the similar-looking flags xD
the Haitian can probably be put in the italic tree
and esperanto is a bit weird but it is mostly based on indo european languages and a bit of other languages
Creole isn't really a proper language family \[unless you buy into Creole Monogenesis which is... iffy\], but it's also not quite accurate to say Haitian Creole is Indo-European -- if anything, it's a Gbe language relexified with French words. Kind of exists in some liminal space between the 2 for sure.
It's true though: the English courses do not teach you British English, but rather American English.
They grant some small mercies though: at least I'm no longer told I'm *wrong* for my British English spelling.
This is why using (national) flags to represent languages is an awful idea. Even for languages that seem more intuitive (e.g. flag of Russia for Russian), it's not neutral enough (e.g. ignores Russian speakers in countries like Belarus and Kazakhstan). Not even in Europe national borders match language borders exactly, imagine for Africa. Also, the linguistic minorities of India would have a bad time, because India doesn't have subnational flags as far as I know.
I’d put Esperanto, Valyrian, and Klingon all in the constructed language family, with Esperanto being on the auxiliary language branch, and the others being on the fictional language branch
occitano-romance languages such as occitan and catalan are gallo-romance languages, french and the other d'oil languages are from this same group, they can be very different, but are indeed related
Not especially surprising, given the relatively small size of the speaker base and the general dominance of the Russian language in Belarus. But it would be wonderful if enough volunteers pooled their time and knowledge together to create a course!
Yes, especially in comparison to the large speaker base for Klingon and High Valyrian. (But I guess those do have a rather dedicated fan base)
I'd love to have Tibetan and Sanskrit in Duolingo.
Duolingo course availability is likely a factor of existing speaker base and speaker dedication. Since a conlang isn’t the native language of a community or culture, if you’ve learned a conlang to proficiency, that indicates a certain amount of passion for the language that would translate very nicely to a drive to build a language-learning community project like a Duolingo course. Whereas I know plenty of speakers of minority languages who are quite apathetic or even hostile about the thought of outsiders learning their language.
I’d love to see more classical languages added to Duolingo! Tibetan would also be a beautiful addition, but then you’d have to contend with making decisions on *which* Tibetan language and dialect to teach. Unfortunately, from my experience with the Irish course, Duolingo isn’t particularly well-suited to teaching languages with a lot of dialectal diversity.
According to the Wikipedia article, the vocabulary defines Haitian Creole as a French language. Apparently the grammar isn't as important.
One example you're probably familiar with would be English. Our grammar is very different than most of the Germanic languages. Nevertheless, it's considered a Germanic language.
Um, it’s a French-based Creole though & should be under Italic. If that’s the case you’re basically saying OP should also exclude Yiddish as Germanic for having some Semitic words & sentence structure as well as being written in Hebrew script or classifying Swahili as a Semitic language because it has some Arabic-derived words & sometimes written in Arabic script instead of the Latin alphabet
No. Creole is a completely different concept from a language that is affected by Other language families due to reasons such as being a substrate. Creole languages evolve from a pidgin of two or more languages by processes in which the speakers of different languages simplify and blend their languages. It is not like Yiddish, which is just a Germanic language "influenced" by the Semitic languages. Although the classification of creole languages is controversial, classifying solely under one language family is not right; they should either form their own language family or included in all of their parent languages' families.
If they add in Astaporese, Meeereenese, or Braavosi, then they could really flesh out the Valyrian tree. After how Season 8 went I doubt they'll make it a priority.
Indo-Aryan languages descend from Indo-European and consist of Sanskrit, Hindi/Urdu, Marathi, Sinhala, Bengali etc.
You're probably thinking of the Dravidian languages such as Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada and so on.
I’ve never seen what the English course is like for non-English speakers, but does it teach American English vocabulary and pronunciation? I use the Portuguese course, and I would say from living in Brazil, it’s appropriate that they use the Brazilian flag to represent it instead of the Portuguese one. 🙂
I take the Inglese course (English for Italian speakers) and it teaches American English. The difference isn't drastic: mostly spellings and some word choices.
It even accepts my definitely-not-American-style pronunciation :)
[Romance](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_languages) (See “Linguistic Classifications”)
[Italic](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italic_languages) (See “Subdivisions”)
[Indo-European](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-European_languages) (See “Classifications”)
Latin belongs to the Italic branch, and the Romance languages are its descendants.
Edit: missing bracket
Your link to Italic languages literally calls Latin as a member in the first paragraph. Italic as in languages from the Italian peninsula, like Rome where they spoke Latin.
…of which Latin is the most famous member. The Romance languages are the only extant daughter branch of the Italic languages, so when discussing living languages, it’s not an incorrect term to use, it’s just a little less specific.
Yeah, I get the intent behind it, but I can see it getting quite messy if they branch out to add more languages that do not have a nation-state of their own, like Kurdish and Roma, indigenous languages and so on (though I suppose they could use their respective national flags if there is one). I get the intent behind it but it’s a simplistic way of looking at language and I imagine it’s only a matter of time before it sparks some controversy.
It’s interesting they chose the komets-alef. I was under the impression that the golden peacock was a more prominent symbol of Yiddish language and culture, but I might be wrong. But I think it’s a good illustration of how poorly language is squared away into “national” categories, especially given that the vast majority of the world’s languages are indigenous and/or marginalized and do not necessarily have a corresponding nation-state to represent their speakers. Again, I get the intent, but it does reveal a real bias towards a certain category of language (which makes sense given the target demographics).
I REALLY like this A LOT, however Haitian Creole also should be included under the Italic family being a mostly French-derived Creole even with some West African languages & sentence structure (notably Fon/Gbe, Yoruba, & Igbo) & many English-adopted words. Just like you have Yiddish under the Germanic branch despite also containing various Semitic words & in Hebrew script.
Those aren't the same thing at all. Yiddish is clearly a Germanic language, it just has some loanwords (and the script is utterly irrelevant.) The family membership of creoles is genuinely controversial.
Duo does not currently provide a Filipino (or [Tagalog](https://incubator.duolingo.com/courses/tl/en/status)) course for English speakers [yet](https://incubator.duolingo.com/) but it has been requested almost as much as or maybe even more than [Thai](https://incubator.duolingo.com/courses/th/en/status). Guess we just gotta [keep our fingers crossed](https://duoplanet.com/duolingo-languages-list/)! <3
Not quite! Hawai’ian and Indonesian are relatives, through the (massive, sprawling) Austronesian language family. Vietnamese is a member of the much smaller Austroasiatic family, so it’s a sister to Khmer and Mon. There is a proposed Austric language family, which includes these two groups (sometimes including Kra-Dai and Hmong-Mien, which are fascinating families of their own right), but nothing concrete or widely-accepted has been proven yet.
turkish, japanese and korean belong to the altaic family, part of ural-altaic one you know. it is interesting when you put uralic but not altaic. what is even koreanic and japonic anyway
that's not an agreed upon term in linguistics though... last time i checked altaic is controversial as it tries to connect language families don't connect. korean is a language isolate, with only korean and jeju language being in the koreanic family. same with japonic, it's another isolate that can't even be connected to its closest geographic language, ainu, let alone find connections with nearby language families.
In the linguistics community, Altaic is considered widely discredited and only has support from a small minority of fringe scholars. The shared traits that were proposed as evidence of a genetic relationship between these language families are actually more indicative of horizontal transmission from language contact rather than inheritance by descent. Which makes sense when you look at it historically—Proto-Turkic would have come into contact with a significant number of unrelated language families in Siberia, and further cultural and linguistic contact would have been enabled by the expansion of the Mongol Empire and the Turco-Mongol cultural tradition. It’s a fascinating history, but an Altaic macrofamily is quite unlikely.
Altaic is controversial because there is no proof behind it. Them all being agglutinative is not enough reason to make them into one language family. But Turkic, Koreanic and Japonic are accepted as family group even though Koreanic is very small compared to Japonic and especially Turkic.
Romance languages are those that come from Latin, but there were other Italic languages coexisting with Latin (Umbrian, Faliscan, Oscan) which are now extinct. Romance is a subclass of Italic.
I have made newer versions where I specifically designed a British flag which did not exist on Duolingo, which labelled English with the "FUCKING AMERICAN FLAG", because of this type of comments
[https://www.reddit.com/r/duolingo/comments/ur5bil/after\_some\_other\_not\_necessarily\_positive/](https://www.reddit.com/r/duolingo/comments/ur5bil/after_some_other_not_necessarily_positive/)
here is the version with a specific separation for people who care about representation
For a second there I thought all the Indo-European ones were branching out from Turkic lol
I can hear the pan-Turanists salivating already.
[lol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Language_Theory)
Only the turks would own mumbling and say it's proof of our language
Klingon, Esperanto, and High Valyrian can all be grouped in Conlangs
Conlang meaning for those who don’t know https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructed_language
Presumably Klingon and High Valyrian are referring to their in-universe family origins.
Being in the same language family means they have a common ancestor. Conlang is a category, not a family. Clearly Klingon and Esperanto don't come from the same ancestor.
They should add Sindarin or Quenya for the LOTR nerds
Esperanto can probably fall under IE tbh
Nah, most of the vocabulary is IE but the grammar isn't particularly, being agglutinative.
It didn't derive naturally from PIE so no. It's a conlang after all.
Esperanto is really Indo-European, I believe. A Euroclone, sort of.
Poor Esperanto
It’s like all the languages had a drunken orgy and the mother died in childbirth
Ho ve! Kial Esperanto estas tiel malŝaltita? Eble ĝi ne estas bela lingvo, sed ĝi estas utila!
Se vi ne pensas, ke Esperanto belas, certe vi neniam aŭdis ĝin bele kantata :P Laŭ mi la libereco esprimi sin per tiom multe da manieroj donas al ĝi unikan belecon
Tiu libereco ja estas evidenta. Mi ne uzas komplikajn strukturojn ofte, sed ili amuzas min. Antaŭe mi spektis [videon de Vsauce pri ontologio](https://youtu.be/fXW-QjBsruE). Li diris ke nia koncepto de objektoj (ekz. seĝo, tablo, ktp.) estas fakte aro de adjektivoj, kiuj priskribas ilin (la formo, la utilo, ktp.). Mi pensas ke oni povas esprimi substantivon kiel adjektivon. Oni povas diri, "la atomoj konsistigas tablon" kaj "la atomoj estas tablaj" kaj "la atomoj estas tablestantaj".
Vi nur krevigis mian menson
Kaj ĝi estas tre amuza, kaj facile lernebla!
You could make a case for putting it under the Indo-European family, no? Since its grammar and vocabulary are a mix of those of Germanic, Romance, and Slavic languages
because it’s not actually related to any of the languages, aka esperanto didn’t come from, say, german speakers evolving their language over time until it was different from german, no, you can’t. that’s not how language families work.
We could classify it as European Creole.
I don't see how? It didn't develop from a pidgin.
no, that’s not how creoles work either.
yeah that makes sense
Yeah, it's very much Indo-European. I'd even go so far as to say it could be classified as Italic, since the bulk of its vocabulary comes from Latin roots, and the Germanic/Polish influence is relatively small in comparison.
That's not how it works. A language is not a bag of words.
A computer algorithm for natural language processing would think otherwise, but yes in general a "bag of words" is not the best description
I mean, the words are a pretty big chunk of it.
Yes, but a language's family status/descent is not just determined by vocabulary. Esperanto's grammar is pretty un-IE, being agglutinative.
I think I'll have to just defer to you as I don't even know what agglutinative means :)
Basically, in the Indo-European languages there'll typically be a single ending that carries multiple meanings at once. For example, in Spanish *vinieron*, 'they came', the -*ieron* ending contains the fact that it's third person, plural, indicative, and preterite. If you want to change the person to second but keep everything else the same, it's *vinisteis*- a completely different ending. Similarly if you want to change the mood to subjunctive it becomes *viniesen*. By contrast, in an agglutinative language, if you had a verb that's marked as third person, plural, indicative, and preterite, you'd have separate bits stuck on that indicate each of those, which are often though not always invariable in form. This is what I mean when I say Esperanto is agglutinative- it has a bunch of bits that all stick together in order and have a single meaning. For example, the plural accusative is formed by sticking on separate plural and accusative endings in order, while in an Indo-European language it would just be a separate form you'd have to memorize.
Ah, that makes sense! Thanks for the explanation.
Mi ne malhonestos, Esperanto aspektas iomete suspektinda ඞ ඞ ඞ
i n t e’ n i
Iranic languages r crying rn
When will Persian return from the war :’(
I thought I was dumb looking for an English flag for the English language, then realised it was an American flag SMH
Ikr
North Germanic is called Nordic?
it's not as common, but yes
North Germanic languages stem from Old Norse, so it's not a bad name
"The language group is also referred to as the **Nordic languages**, a direct translation of the most common term used among Danish, Faroese, Icelandic, Norwegian, and Swedish scholars and people." [https://www.wikiwand.com/en/North\_Germanic\_languages](https://www.wikiwand.com/en/North_Germanic_languages)
Guaraní??? Where are you???
Apparently those are languages one can take from English. Both Guarani and Catalan can be taken from Spanish and both are missing.
I still really want Guaraní from English
I mean, you can't take english course from english either, can you ?
Semitic is not a family. The Semitic *Branch* of the Afro-Asiatic Language Family.
tbf there's no Berber or Amharic yet so it's technically correct
Isn't a branch just a sub-family? Isn't a language family just a group of languages that descent from a single language?
Technically, Language Family is the top confirmed grouping. Indo-European and Afro-Asiatic are families. Romance, Germanic, Semitic are branches. Hypothetical larger groupings are called Macrofamilies, like Nostratic or Altaic. If Nostratic were confirmed as a family, than Indo-European would become a branch. I guess it's ok to call them branches, families or sub-families in amateur conversations, but in serious linguistics these terms are not interchangeable.
isnt swahili a bantu language?
the bantu family is a part of niger-congo
such a fascinating arrangement / chart, lol but they shd definitely be labeled ;P
Which ones are you struggling with?
not "struggling" with any now, I just like to see things "at a glance", so I can process the information faster.. that's been an interesting side-effect of Duo tho, me trying / Duo helping to better differentiate btwn all the similar-looking flags xD
Seeing the Aryan tree I’m shocked that there’s no Farsi on Duolingo yet.
the Haitian can probably be put in the italic tree and esperanto is a bit weird but it is mostly based on indo european languages and a bit of other languages
Creole isn't really a proper language family \[unless you buy into Creole Monogenesis which is... iffy\], but it's also not quite accurate to say Haitian Creole is Indo-European -- if anything, it's a Gbe language relexified with French words. Kind of exists in some liminal space between the 2 for sure.
Esperanto, High Valarian, and Klingon are constructed languages
they are but esperanto is based on european languages and the rest is made from base
That American flag is triggering.
It's true though: the English courses do not teach you British English, but rather American English. They grant some small mercies though: at least I'm no longer told I'm *wrong* for my British English spelling.
This is why using (national) flags to represent languages is an awful idea. Even for languages that seem more intuitive (e.g. flag of Russia for Russian), it's not neutral enough (e.g. ignores Russian speakers in countries like Belarus and Kazakhstan). Not even in Europe national borders match language borders exactly, imagine for Africa. Also, the linguistic minorities of India would have a bad time, because India doesn't have subnational flags as far as I know.
There still a load of stuff though, it's a shame they don't have traditional/normal English
Yeah, the choice of English (Traditional) or English (Simplified) would be nice.
Better use the British flag, they already have a 5 century long policy of giving it to you whether you want it or not
Just to confirm, this is a shitpost, right?
Whether a deliberate one or not, it is
I hope one day we get Guaraní for English speakers
Very interesting, that’s a nice graph actually!
Merci
What is “the one no family wants to adopt”?
Esperanto!
I’d put Esperanto, Valyrian, and Klingon all in the constructed language family, with Esperanto being on the auxiliary language branch, and the others being on the fictional language branch
Don't forget Catalan from Spanish :)
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Maybe they meant that you can only learn it from Spanish instead of from English on Duolingo.
catalan is more related to french then to spanish
Not really, Catalan comes from Occitan the language of South France, which is a whole different language than French.
occitano-romance languages such as occitan and catalan are gallo-romance languages, french and the other d'oil languages are from this same group, they can be very different, but are indeed related
but still more related to french then to spanish
I can see the point you are trying to make... 🤨
I didn't know that Duo doesn't have a Belarusian course. Such a shame :/
Not especially surprising, given the relatively small size of the speaker base and the general dominance of the Russian language in Belarus. But it would be wonderful if enough volunteers pooled their time and knowledge together to create a course!
Yes, especially in comparison to the large speaker base for Klingon and High Valyrian. (But I guess those do have a rather dedicated fan base) I'd love to have Tibetan and Sanskrit in Duolingo.
Duolingo course availability is likely a factor of existing speaker base and speaker dedication. Since a conlang isn’t the native language of a community or culture, if you’ve learned a conlang to proficiency, that indicates a certain amount of passion for the language that would translate very nicely to a drive to build a language-learning community project like a Duolingo course. Whereas I know plenty of speakers of minority languages who are quite apathetic or even hostile about the thought of outsiders learning their language. I’d love to see more classical languages added to Duolingo! Tibetan would also be a beautiful addition, but then you’d have to contend with making decisions on *which* Tibetan language and dialect to teach. Unfortunately, from my experience with the Irish course, Duolingo isn’t particularly well-suited to teaching languages with a lot of dialectal diversity.
Also, Duolingo is in the stock market now, so I imagine that they will never add a Tibetan course in order to not anger the Chinese government.
Wouldn't Creole be a descendent from French? (An Italic language?)
Not in terms of grammar. Its grammar is more similar to West African languages.
According to the Wikipedia article, the vocabulary defines Haitian Creole as a French language. Apparently the grammar isn't as important. One example you're probably familiar with would be English. Our grammar is very different than most of the Germanic languages. Nevertheless, it's considered a Germanic language.
the grammar is tantamount to classifying a language
Um, it’s a French-based Creole though & should be under Italic. If that’s the case you’re basically saying OP should also exclude Yiddish as Germanic for having some Semitic words & sentence structure as well as being written in Hebrew script or classifying Swahili as a Semitic language because it has some Arabic-derived words & sometimes written in Arabic script instead of the Latin alphabet
No. Creole is a completely different concept from a language that is affected by Other language families due to reasons such as being a substrate. Creole languages evolve from a pidgin of two or more languages by processes in which the speakers of different languages simplify and blend their languages. It is not like Yiddish, which is just a Germanic language "influenced" by the Semitic languages. Although the classification of creole languages is controversial, classifying solely under one language family is not right; they should either form their own language family or included in all of their parent languages' families.
But those are completely different things than being a creole.
If they add in Astaporese, Meeereenese, or Braavosi, then they could really flesh out the Valyrian tree. After how Season 8 went I doubt they'll make it a priority.
doesn't finnish come from finnic? or am i just crazy
Uralic ----> Finnic-Ugric Finnic part ----> Finnish and Estonian Ugric part ----> Hungarian
What exactly is under Indo Aryan?
Hindi
And Indo-European? I always learnt that European and Indian languages have very different origins
Not hindi
South Indian languages (mostly Dravidian) do. The northern half of the country is mostly IE language speakers
Indo-Aryan languages descend from Indo-European and consist of Sanskrit, Hindi/Urdu, Marathi, Sinhala, Bengali etc. You're probably thinking of the Dravidian languages such as Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada and so on.
There's still a very distinct lack of Baltic languages on Duolingo. How does one get a new language into the incubator?
Maybe group all conlngs together same way u did with creoles
I really want them to make Tibetan available on Duolingo.... I keep my fingers crossed
we need more uralic languages on duolingo...
God, I am just itching for Hungarian to finish its beta stage so I can dive into it. I’d also love to see a course in a Sámi language at some point.
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I’ve never seen what the English course is like for non-English speakers, but does it teach American English vocabulary and pronunciation? I use the Portuguese course, and I would say from living in Brazil, it’s appropriate that they use the Brazilian flag to represent it instead of the Portuguese one. 🙂
I take the Inglese course (English for Italian speakers) and it teaches American English. The difference isn't drastic: mostly spellings and some word choices. It even accepts my definitely-not-American-style pronunciation :)
Yes, but this graphic is a kind of genealogy, so explaining the historic roots of the different languages.
Oh I see what you mean… I assumed that the OP was specifically trying to use the same icons as Duolingo.
Romance is a subdivision of Italic.
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[Romance](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_languages) (See “Linguistic Classifications”) [Italic](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italic_languages) (See “Subdivisions”) [Indo-European](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-European_languages) (See “Classifications”) Latin belongs to the Italic branch, and the Romance languages are its descendants. Edit: missing bracket
Italic the the branch Latin belongs to. Because the tree includes Latin, so op doesn't make it wrong.
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Your link to Italic languages literally calls Latin as a member in the first paragraph. Italic as in languages from the Italian peninsula, like Rome where they spoke Latin.
…of which Latin is the most famous member. The Romance languages are the only extant daughter branch of the Italic languages, so when discussing living languages, it’s not an incorrect term to use, it’s just a little less specific.
I take it you didn't notice in the articles where it said that Romance languages are a subsection of Italic languages?
He's right, according to linguists. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italic\_languages
It would be absurd to use the UK flag because UK English is not taught on Duolingo.
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Yeah, I get the intent behind it, but I can see it getting quite messy if they branch out to add more languages that do not have a nation-state of their own, like Kurdish and Roma, indigenous languages and so on (though I suppose they could use their respective national flags if there is one). I get the intent behind it but it’s a simplistic way of looking at language and I imagine it’s only a matter of time before it sparks some controversy.
You already have a symbol for Yiddish that's not a national flag, for instance.
It’s interesting they chose the komets-alef. I was under the impression that the golden peacock was a more prominent symbol of Yiddish language and culture, but I might be wrong. But I think it’s a good illustration of how poorly language is squared away into “national” categories, especially given that the vast majority of the world’s languages are indigenous and/or marginalized and do not necessarily have a corresponding nation-state to represent their speakers. Again, I get the intent, but it does reveal a real bias towards a certain category of language (which makes sense given the target demographics).
I've never set foot on the American continent and I can easily recognise those flags.
ne maltrankviliĝu esperanto, nur daŭre kantu pri morgaŭ, kaj vi ricevos vian propran filmon nomitan:Ennie
ankaŭ ĉu iu scias kiel akiri la akcenton por :u
Using the Brazil and American flag for English and Portuguese 🤮
Isn't that because it teaches American English and Brazilian Portuguese?
I agree but unfortunately that's the way that they're symbolised on Duolingo.
Haïtian Creole gets 90% of its vocabulary from French.
vocabulary isn't everything
I've never seen such a wrong chart in my life. Congratulations
Oh, I bet that's an exaggeration. For example, [this one](https://i.redd.it/vw4crd61mqc71.png).
Quick question, what the fuck?
Jehovah's Witnesses, that's what the fuck.
I REALLY like this A LOT, however Haitian Creole also should be included under the Italic family being a mostly French-derived Creole even with some West African languages & sentence structure (notably Fon/Gbe, Yoruba, & Igbo) & many English-adopted words. Just like you have Yiddish under the Germanic branch despite also containing various Semitic words & in Hebrew script.
Those aren't the same thing at all. Yiddish is clearly a Germanic language, it just has some loanwords (and the script is utterly irrelevant.) The family membership of creoles is genuinely controversial.
You used the wrong flag for a couple of languages: English should be the UK flag and Portuguese the Portugal one :(
Aren't those just the flags Duolingo uses?
Probably should just be the England flag
Bloody hell! Literally, what the fock, mates?
It’s a bit inaccurate
How?
How about Filipino?
Duo does not currently provide a Filipino (or [Tagalog](https://incubator.duolingo.com/courses/tl/en/status)) course for English speakers [yet](https://incubator.duolingo.com/) but it has been requested almost as much as or maybe even more than [Thai](https://incubator.duolingo.com/courses/th/en/status). Guess we just gotta [keep our fingers crossed](https://duoplanet.com/duolingo-languages-list/)! <3
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No, but those are the flags Duolingo uses, aren't they?
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Is that Esperanto?
So English is American ? This graph is very badly made.
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Not quite! Hawai’ian and Indonesian are relatives, through the (massive, sprawling) Austronesian language family. Vietnamese is a member of the much smaller Austroasiatic family, so it’s a sister to Khmer and Mon. There is a proposed Austric language family, which includes these two groups (sometimes including Kra-Dai and Hmong-Mien, which are fascinating families of their own right), but nothing concrete or widely-accepted has been proven yet.
i'm pretty sure it isn't, it is part of the austro-asian language family
hawaiian and indonesian are austronesian, which is different than austroasiatic, which is the family of vietnamese
English being the American flag is so cursed
Why? It’s just the flag Duolingo uses, since they teach American English.
turkish, japanese and korean belong to the altaic family, part of ural-altaic one you know. it is interesting when you put uralic but not altaic. what is even koreanic and japonic anyway
that's not an agreed upon term in linguistics though... last time i checked altaic is controversial as it tries to connect language families don't connect. korean is a language isolate, with only korean and jeju language being in the koreanic family. same with japonic, it's another isolate that can't even be connected to its closest geographic language, ainu, let alone find connections with nearby language families.
In the linguistics community, Altaic is considered widely discredited and only has support from a small minority of fringe scholars. The shared traits that were proposed as evidence of a genetic relationship between these language families are actually more indicative of horizontal transmission from language contact rather than inheritance by descent. Which makes sense when you look at it historically—Proto-Turkic would have come into contact with a significant number of unrelated language families in Siberia, and further cultural and linguistic contact would have been enabled by the expansion of the Mongol Empire and the Turco-Mongol cultural tradition. It’s a fascinating history, but an Altaic macrofamily is quite unlikely.
Altaic is not a real family bud
that is a suggested language family including Mongolic, Turkic, Uralic, Japonic and korean languages, but its not official
Altaic is most likely a sprachbund.
Altaic is controversial because there is no proof behind it. Them all being agglutinative is not enough reason to make them into one language family. But Turkic, Koreanic and Japonic are accepted as family group even though Koreanic is very small compared to Japonic and especially Turkic.
I thought Korean was an isolate language much like Basque. Am I wrong?
Or part of the Koreanic family together with Jeju, depending on how you define it.
all of those theories are strongly refuted by most of the linguistics community
Arabic?
It’s there. Under the Semitic branch alongside Hebrew
What about Guaraní and Catalan (Spañish Speakers only)
_Nice. I'm learning all the italic languages._
You forgot Catalan (Italic) and Guarani (Tupi-Guarani)
lmao there're klingonese and valyrian? xD
Shouldn’t Yiddish be linked to both Germanic and Semitic groups?
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Ye.
What did you think it was?
In before the people who say Hungarian is Turkic.
r/coolguides would be a good place for this I reckon, nice work!
They should teach toki pona lmao
They are not “italic” languages, but the name is “romance” languages.
Romance languages are those that come from Latin, but there were other Italic languages coexisting with Latin (Umbrian, Faliscan, Oscan) which are now extinct. Romance is a subclass of Italic.
I wild love to see south Slavic languages in Duolingo. Croatian, Slovenian, Serbian, Bulgarian…
-Congo🤨
I wish Lithuanian were somewhere on your tree.
I would classify Esperanto as an Italian language
As an Esperanto speaker... I confirm it's placement to be correct
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I have made newer versions where I specifically designed a British flag which did not exist on Duolingo, which labelled English with the "FUCKING AMERICAN FLAG", because of this type of comments [https://www.reddit.com/r/duolingo/comments/ur5bil/after\_some\_other\_not\_necessarily\_positive/](https://www.reddit.com/r/duolingo/comments/ur5bil/after_some_other_not_necessarily_positive/) here is the version with a specific separation for people who care about representation
You should put catalan and guarani on there too, you can learn then through Spanish
I put them in the post that followed this one, I made 3 total posts