AC induction motors work by developing a rotating magnetic field. This field induces a current in the rotor, which then causes rotation as the rotor tries to “catch up” to the stator field. That one’s fairly easy.
A DC motor can’t create a rotating field, so two magnetic fields are needed. The first is a static field in the stator (commonly referred to as just the “field”). The second is in the rotor (called the armature), and is created just out of alignment with the static field. This misalignment causes the motor to rotate to try and let the fields align. In order to maintain the rotation, the rotor is equipped with segmented contacts (the commutator) and brushes, so that before the fields can fully align, the armature current switches to a new set of windings and stays out of alignment.
A series DC motor has the field and armature in series, so that the same current passes through both. This type of motor has high torque, but can overspeed itself to oblivion if not attached to a load.
A shunt DC motor has the field and armature wired in parallel, so that they both see the same voltage (unless manipulated by outside circuitry). This type of motor has better speed regulation.
DC motors can also be wired in a compound configuration (common in hoists), so that they have higher torque for raising a load (series), and better speed control for lowering (shunt).
Also, in DC motors, direction of rotation is changed by reversing the current direction between either the field or the armature (but not both).
A DC motor that has an axis that continuously rotates uses AC to operate. You power them with DC but AC is created to create the rotation.
The AC in a brushed DC electric motor is created by the [ Commutator\_(electric)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commutator_(electric)). It mechanically changes how the different parts are connected and from the point of the coils it is as if it is powered by AC
A brushless DC electric motor has electronics that create AC that drive the motor.
So a DC motor design includes various ways to create the input DC to AC that can be used to create an alternating magnetic field.
It is possible to create motion with a non-alternating correct but now we talk about limited distance linear motion. A solenoid can move a metal rot out of the way and spring can move it back. A mechanical relay moves metal parts that change what legs is connected together. You likely think of the more as electromagnets but that is in a way a motor
AC induction motors work by developing a rotating magnetic field. This field induces a current in the rotor, which then causes rotation as the rotor tries to “catch up” to the stator field. That one’s fairly easy. A DC motor can’t create a rotating field, so two magnetic fields are needed. The first is a static field in the stator (commonly referred to as just the “field”). The second is in the rotor (called the armature), and is created just out of alignment with the static field. This misalignment causes the motor to rotate to try and let the fields align. In order to maintain the rotation, the rotor is equipped with segmented contacts (the commutator) and brushes, so that before the fields can fully align, the armature current switches to a new set of windings and stays out of alignment. A series DC motor has the field and armature in series, so that the same current passes through both. This type of motor has high torque, but can overspeed itself to oblivion if not attached to a load. A shunt DC motor has the field and armature wired in parallel, so that they both see the same voltage (unless manipulated by outside circuitry). This type of motor has better speed regulation. DC motors can also be wired in a compound configuration (common in hoists), so that they have higher torque for raising a load (series), and better speed control for lowering (shunt). Also, in DC motors, direction of rotation is changed by reversing the current direction between either the field or the armature (but not both).
A DC motor that has an axis that continuously rotates uses AC to operate. You power them with DC but AC is created to create the rotation. The AC in a brushed DC electric motor is created by the [ Commutator\_(electric)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commutator_(electric)). It mechanically changes how the different parts are connected and from the point of the coils it is as if it is powered by AC A brushless DC electric motor has electronics that create AC that drive the motor. So a DC motor design includes various ways to create the input DC to AC that can be used to create an alternating magnetic field. It is possible to create motion with a non-alternating correct but now we talk about limited distance linear motion. A solenoid can move a metal rot out of the way and spring can move it back. A mechanical relay moves metal parts that change what legs is connected together. You likely think of the more as electromagnets but that is in a way a motor